PhD, or Doctor of Philosophy, is the highest academic degree awarded by universities. It is a research-based program that requires students to conduct original research in a specific field of study. PhD candidates contribute new knowledge to their field, typically by producing a dissertation or thesis based on their research findings.
To secure admission to a PhD program, candidates must have a Master's degree (MSc, MA, MTech, etc.) or an equivalent qualification in the relevant field with a minimum of 55-60% marks. Some institutions may require candidates to clear an entrance exam and/or interview to assess research aptitude.
PhD subjects vary widely depending on the field of study. They can include areas like Computer Science, Engineering, Business Administration, Economics, Medical Sciences, Arts and Humanities, Social Sciences, and more. The research process typically involves literature review, data collection, analysis, and writing a dissertation.
PhD graduates often pursue careers in academia as university professors or researchers. They can also work in research and development departments in private or government organizations. The salary range for PhD holders varies based on their field, but it typically starts from INR 6-12 LPA in academia and can go higher depending on the industry and experience.
After completing a PhD, students can contribute to advancements in their field through research, publications, or by teaching. They may also consider postdoctoral research or becoming experts in niche areas of their discipline.
To be eligible for PhD, candidates must have completed a Master's degree in a relevant discipline with at least 55-60% marks (depending on the university). Some institutions may conduct entrance exams (like UGC NET or university-specific exams) and interviews to assess the candidate's research potential.